The pack function will
write a list of arguments into a string
according to a format string:
pack("format string", argument list);
For example, we can pack 3 numbers into
a 7-byte string using the c (char),
s (short), and l (long)
format letters:
$data = pack( "c s l", 31, 4159, 265359 );
The first number in the argument list (31) is
packed into 1 byte, the second (4159) into 2 bytes,
and the third (265359) into 4 bytes. The seven
bytes (1+2+4) are joined into one string and
placed in $data.